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Dealing with natural hazards

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As an alpine and densely populated country, Switzerland is particularly vulnerable to natural hazards. We help authorities, safety officers and the public to reduce the risks posed by natural hazards to an acceptable level.

Responding to and managing natural hazards is a centuries-old practice in Switzerland. For as long as man has inhabited mountainous regions, he has been under threat from natural hazards such as avalanches, debris flows and rockfall. Flooding in particular can also cause severe damage in lower lying areas and cities. The population has therefore always been faced with the task of deciding how best to protect themselves against these hazards. Through our research and services, we help to protect people effectively and efficiently from natural hazards.

Defining acceptable risks and how to manage them

Absolute safety is not possible when dealing with natural hazards – especially since financial resources are limited. In Switzerland, protection against natural hazards is therefore based on the "Risk Minimisation Concept" (risk concept) and the principles of "Integral Risk Management". Specifically, this means reducing risks to an acceptable level rather than attempting to prevent natural hazards by all available means. In Integral Risk Management, measures for the prevention, management and regeneration of events are optimally coordinated.
According to these principles, we develop guidelines, risk calculation tools and decision-making tools which enable safety officers, insurance companies, authorities and other stakeholders to weigh the risks and implement appropriate protection strategies.
As part of our social research, we examine how the public perceives the hazards and what they think of the different protection measures. This allows safety officers, for example, to take the needs of the Swiss people into account at an early stage.

Prevention: calculating and simulating natural hazard processes as a basis for spatial planning

How far does an avalanche flow? Where could rocks or debris flows land on a road? We develop calculation tools, such as the RAMMS software, which realistically model these natural hazard processes. By doing so, we provide the natural hazard authorities and engineers with a tool which they can use to calculate the effects of these natural hazard processes. On this basis, they can be taken into account appropriately for spatial planning.

Prevention: protecting with steel, concrete and forest

Avalanche barriers, rockfall nets, debris flow dams and forests protect us and our property against natural hazards. Since the "winter of terror" of 1950/51, more than CHF 5 billion have been invested in avalanche protection in Switzerland. However, the most cost-effective protection is the forest. We therefore research how best the forest can grow and thrive at the treeline. In areas where the forest does not provide adequate protection, technical protection measures are required. To this end, we produce handbooks, guidelines and reports.

Topics

Warning and information systems

We develop comprehensive warning and information platforms for the authorities responsible for natural hazards and for the general public.

Research in social and economical science

We look at how the public and the world of politics deal with natural hazards and what protective and warning measures are effective and economical.

Risk Management

Absolute safety is not possible when dealing with natural hazards. Risk management is therefore used to reduce risks to an acceptable level.

Avalanche warning

The SLF is responsible for providing an avalanche warning service on behalf of the Swiss federal government.

Analysing avalanche events

We record and analyse avalanche disasters in order to draw lessons from such extreme events and deal with them more effectively in future.

Snow-hydrological forecasting (OSHD)

Conducting ongoing analyses of the spatial and temporal distribution of snow water resources, the SLF's operational snow-hydrological service (OSHD)...

Research group

Avalanche Dynamics, Risk Management

Using both field and laboratory experiments our research is focused on the formation, flow dynamics and deposition of snow avalanches and other...

Avalanche Protection Measures

Our work encompasses permanent avalanche protection activities (e.g. barriers) and temporary avalanche protection (e.g. triggering avalanches...

Warning and Information Systems

We develop information systems for the authorities responsible for natural hazards and for the general public.

Further information

News

19.10.2021

An interview with Dr Nadine Salzmann, head of the SLF's Alpine Environment and Natural Hazards research unit since mid-October.

20.09.2021

The shape of rocks is a key factor in assessing rockfall hazard. This is the conclusion of a new SLF study.

09.08.2021

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change publishes its 6th scientific analysis of the global climate. A WSL researcher is co-author.

Projects

Consecutive drought-flood events in a warming world

This project aims to enhance our understanding of rapid drought-flood transitions in a warming world.

Knowledge co-poduction for future mass movement risks in the Alps

This transdisciplinary project tests and evaluates such a knowledge co-creation process for dealing with regional mass movement risks in the Canton of Uri (Göschenertal) and Valais (Saastal) using a quasi-experimental approach.

Bark beetle infestation in protective forests

This project aims at improving the early detection of bark beetle damage in forests in the canton of Grisons as well as the prioritisation of management against bark beetle infestation in protective forests in the long term.

Mass movement seismology

Seismometers detect extremely weak ground unrest. We leverage this sensitivity with intelligent algorithms to design detection schemes for avalanches, debris flows, rock falls and other catastrophic Alpine mass movements.

StillbergDAT

This ETH-Domain ORD Program Contribute Project aims at curating and uploading the existing data of the European Long-term treeline Ecosystem Research (eLTER) site Stillberg, Switzerland, was established in to national and international ORD platforms (EnviDat, DEIMS-SDR).

Safe roads

In this project we develop and combine cutting-edge remote sensing technology with snow depth distribution and RAMMS avalanche modelling. With this we want to improve the decision base for road safety in the Dischma valley in Davos.

The pulsing nature of powder snow avalanches

The destructive capacity of powder snow avalanche is caused by high-energy pulses within his complex layering. The goal of this project is to understand the origin and nature of the these pulses and quantify the danger they pose to infrastructure.

FORISK - Risikohinweiskarte Davos

Auf Basis der Gefahrenhinweiskarte Lawinen des Kantons Graubünden wird für zwei Gebiete in der Landschaft Davos eine Risikohinweiskarte erarbeitet.

An early warning model framework for snow avalanches

When and where are avalanches likely to occur? These questions are relevant for avalanche forecasting and to know the influence of climate change on avalanches. The goal of this project is therefore to develop a new model framework to predict avalanches, from 2 days up to 100 years into the future.

Modelling cascading processes with MPM

In this project we use a 3D Material Point Method (MPM) model to simulate the interaction of snow and rock avalanches with water basins and lakes in order to develop knowledge and methods to assess the hazard posed by impulsive waves to tourism infrastructure and populated areas.

Climate and snow input at different spatial and temporal scales

Our project aims to collaborate with various proposed CAMM II projects within the clusters "Cascading processes' and "Early warning systems", providing meteorological, snow cover, ground temperature and snow melt data at different temporal and spatial scales.

Integrating optical and radar satellite data for early mass movement detection and warning

Remote sensing data – in particular optical and radar imagery – are a powerful tool to monitor the evolution of alpine mass movements. In this project, we investigate how these tools can support regional-scale hazard mitigation and improve our understanding of the processes driving slope instabilities in alpine terrain.

CCAMM-2 Early Warning for Alpine Mass Movements

Remote sensing methods provide powerful tools for monitoring and early warning of alpine mass movements. In this project, we investigate how modern machine learning tools, seismic and infrasound data, and satellite images can help forecast mass movements in alpine terrain.

Seismo-acoustic avalanche detection

How can avalanche activity be determined in bad visibility and in remote regions? In cooperation with Geopraevent and Altecno, we are developing a combined system of seismic and infrasound sensors for the detection and localization of avalanches.

Rock / ice avalanches in India

Modelling destructive rock / ica avalanches in Uttarakhand, India

ONEforest

ONEforest develops a multi-criteria planning system for strategic decision makers from forestry, politics and industry and provides information regarding potential social, ecologic and ecologic and economic impacts of alternative forest management options in a medium to long-term perspective.

Enabling Weather, Water and Climate Services in Tajikistan

Improved resilience of mountain communities in Tajikistan to natural hazards, climate change and climate variability through use of effective weather, water and climate services. Caritas led project with MeteoSwiss and SLF as partners.

New basics for the forest management planning of staged forests

Based on forest roads, forest structures and ecosystem services to be provided, this project will develop new basics for the separation of management and operation units as a planning basis for mountain and permanent forests.

High-precision seismic trigger system for the Vallée de la Sionne test site

The aim of this project is to develop a low power, high precision, low budget seismic trigger system with remote control. It will be used in a tailored configuration, to detect all avalanche activity at the Vallée de la Sionne test site, from release to deposition.

DigiSeil

The project aims to establish the digital cable road design. Among others, a guideline for digital cable road design and calculation as well as further training documents will be produced.

Regional warnings for slope instabilities: Napf pilot study

In this project, elements of regional landslide early warning are applied in a pilot early warning system in the Napf region, and their added value for such early warning systems is assessed.

drought.ch @ BAFU

Das Ziel dieses Projekts ist die Erarbeitung eines Konzeptes für die Überführung von Elementen der bestehenden Forschungsplattform drought.ch in den operationellen Betrieb beim BAFU sowie eine Integration bei naturgefahren.ch.

Impacts of climate change induced extreme windthrow events on forest management and economy of European forest enterprises (ExWiFE)

An increase of extreme environmental disturbances is expected, which is for different reasons a big challenge for forest stakeholders on the operating-, strategic-, financial- and environmental level. Using diverse methods, we aim to describe the complexity of the current problem.

Measuring and Modelling Catastrophic Landslides and Debris Flows

Landslides and debris flows are hazardous phenomenon in Switzerland and worldwide. We combine field measurements, numerical modelling and laboratory experiments to further our mechanistic understanding of the motion of these types of mass movements.

Prospective Management Natural Hazards SBB

Development of a method and a tool for risk indication mapping of mass movements along the railway network of SBB.

WaWaRu – forest structure, water balance and shallow landslides

The WaWaRu project marks a key step towards understanding the processes involving different forest structures and contributes to a better quantification of the forest effect on soil and slope stability.

SlimForest

We aim at providing the link between the belowground water regime, related to the triggering of shallow landslides, and aboveground structural properties of forests as well as between ground truth and remote sensing data in view of up-scaling from the local to the regional and supra-regional scale.

Alpine Drought Obvservatory

According to the Alpine Convention, water scarcity and related conflicts are becoming a worrying topic in many Alpine regions, depending on water from snowmelt and glaciers.

Niedrigwasserdauerkurven

Der Bedarf nach einer solideren Grundlage für die Abschätzung von Niedrigwasserabflüssen in ungemessenen Gebieten ist im Nachgang zu den Trockenheitsereignissen der Jahre 2003, 2011, 2015 und 2018 gestiegen. Die massgebenden Speicher und Einflussfaktoren wie zum Beispiel Versickerungsstrecken werden

Praxishilfe Murgang- und Hangmurenschutznetze

Netze zum Rückhalt von Murgängen und Hangmuren als "neuere" Massnahmentypen sind seit einigen Jahren auf dem Markt verfügbar. Wichtig ist, dass Vor- und Nachteile und insbesondere die Grenzen in der Anwendung bekannt sind und fallweise das zielführende Massnahmensystem bestimmt wird. Hierzu soll eine Praxishilfe entstehen.

Optimised cable line planning

The transport of timber with cable yarders is of great importance in the Swiss forestry. Planning a cable line is a complex and demanding task. Together with selected forest contractors and forest enterprises, it is evaluated how scientific findings in cable mechanics, developments in remote sensing and mathematical optimization algorithms can contribute to more efficient cable road planning.

Storm damage indication map

Remote sensing methods allow a rapid, wide-area and objective overview of the forest damage after a storm event.

Sicher Wandern 2040

Auch in Zukunft sollen die knapp 65'000km des Schweizer Wanderwegnetzes möglichst gefahrlos begangen werden können. Eine Literatursynthese soll die für das Wanderwegwesen relevanten Naturgefahren identifiziert und Auswirkungen einer Klimaveränderung abschätzen.

CCAMM Task 1.0: Downscaling Meorological forcings.

The WSL program Climate Change Impacts on Alpine Mass Movements (CCAMM) comprises projects covering a range of topics in natural hazards. Most investigations use models and thus require climate forcing data. The aim of this task is to provide meteorological forcings at the slope scale and in high temporal resolution.

Avalanche hazard indication maps

Large scale avalanche hazard indication maps for Graubünden and Liechtenstein.

SwissSPOT- Swiss forest Soil water POTential network

SwissSPOT is a network to monitor soil water down to 2m soil depth at Swiss Long-term Forest Ecosystem Research (LWF) sites.

Towards automated monitoring of alpine mass movements

This project aims at setting up an interactive network of autonomously communicating instruments to capture processes happening during and directly after alpine mass movements.

Rockfall barrier tests in natural terrain

WSL and its industrial partner GEOBRUGG are testing a new rockfall barrier using large-scale tests in natural terrain.

Climate Adaptation Practices

How do we deal with mass movements and related cascading processes in mountain regions? We answer this question by (i)analysing how climate adaptation strategies and action plans are implemented into practice and (ii) identifying factors which motivate actors to take action (or not).

Snow avalanche flow regime transitions

The aim of this project is to understand how increased temperature and precipitations will affect avalanche flow behavior, in particular flow transitions, and assess consequences for hazard mapping. For this purpose, we use experimental data from Vallée de la Sionne test site and DEM modeling.

Fortschritte bei der Erfassung von Schutzwirkungen dank neuen Technologien

Neue Fernerkundungsdaten sowie Entwicklungen von Fernerkundungs- und GIS-basierten Technologien und Naturgefahrensimulationsmodellen eröffnen heute neue Möglichkeiten zur verbesserten Risikoabschätzung nach Störungsereignissen.

Multi-hazard risk assessment framework

The goal is to develop a multi-hazard risk assessment framework which is able to deal with several conjoint or cascading hazards as they can be expected as consequence of climate change in high mountain regions.

WebSnow

Integration of Webcam data for deriving Snow cover and snow depth from Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 and Pléiades data

Determining the Insurance Value of Ecosystems

The project expands the scientific bases for insurance services of forests and defines their value from the population’s perspective. In this way we can enhance the awareness of human dependence on natural resources and foster their inclusion in political, economic and individual decision-making.

Schützen gut strukturierte und gepflegte Wälder besser?

Waldwirkungen gegen flachgründige Rutschungen praxistauglich zu erfassen ist nach wie vor ungelöst. Das Beispiel "Sachseln" deutet darauf hin, dass gut strukturierte Wälder Hänge besser stabilisieren. Darauf aufbauend werden Interaktive Karten zur Anfälligkeit von Wäldern auf Rutschungen erstellt.

Assessing the potential of soil wetness data for landslide early warning

This SNF-project assesses the value of in-situ soil wetness measurements in advertising imminent occurrence of landslides for potential use in future Landslide Early Warning Systems.

Rock sediment disposition

Recently, rock-ice deposits have come into focus for their potential to provide sources of secondary hazards and as an alternative water resource in a changing climate. The aim of this project is to model the evolution of the thermal regime of rock-ice deposits under future climate scenarios.

A seismological study of mass movements

The aim of this project is to better understand the dynamics and triggering mechanisms of mass movements in a changing climate.

Hydro-CH2018: Multiple use of reservoirs

This synthesis work aims at identifying the potential of reservoirs (such as natural and artificial lakes, storage dams and other reservoirs) to mitigate future drought situations both at the national (Swiss) scale, but also for specific case study areas.

GoApply: Multilevel Governance of Adaptation to Climate Change

GoApply will contribute to the vertical and horizontal integration and further development of national climate change adaptation strategies and action plans.

Lawinendruck auf Hindernisse

Lawinen stellen in Bergregionen stets eine erhebliche Gefahr für Menschen und Infrastruktur dar. Wir erarbeiten ein grundlegendes physikalisches Verständnis der Lawinenaufprallkräfte, um Gestaltungsrichtlinien weiter zu entwickeln, damit Strukturen effizient und standhaft gebaut werden können.

Avalanche terrain maps

New maps show avalanche terrain and take into account avalanche release and runout.

EXAR

The main goal of the EXAR project is to create a consistent data set in order to assess the hazard for riparian infrastructure caused by extreme flood events on the rivers Aare and Rhine.

Drifting snow and turbulent flow

How does the snow saltation reacts to the unsteady wind forcing is still poorly understood. In our cold wind tunnel we investigate the dynamics of the drifting snow as well as its interaction with the turbulent boundary layer flow.

WOODFLOW

Wood in rivers fulfills important ecological functions. However, in case of flood events large wood may become a considerable source of danger. The aim of the research program WoodFlow is to better understand large wood dynamics in order to minimize associated risks.

MicroVegSnow

With a view to improving climate and weather forecasts as well as disaster prevention, ESA determines the water content in upper soil layers worldwide. A research project carried out in the Swiss Alps will now investigate how these satellites could be used to measure data about snow as well as frost in the soil.

Beurteilung von Schutzwäldern mittels Fernerkundung

Ziel dieses LFI-Projektes ist es, Methoden der Fernerkundung zur Beurteilung der aktuellen Schutzwirkung und Verjüngung von Schutzwäldern zu entwickeln. Im Fokus stehen die Möglichkeiten von terrestrischem (TLS) und flugzeuggestütztem Lasesscanning (ALS).

Permafrost rock walls

How does snow influence the temperature of frozen rock walls? A novel combination of measurement and modelling techniques is being used to determine snow distribution and its impacts on the underlying rock in extremely steep terrain.

RAMMS::RISK

RAMMS::RISK berechnet und visualisiert die räumliche Verteilung von Risiken für Naturgefahren.

Process-based runoff generation approach for hydrological models

In collaboration with Scherrer AG and GmbH Soilcom a new runoff module is generated for hydrological models. Spatially distributed process information from so-called runoff process maps, which are based on field recordings and geographical bases, will be integrated into the module.

REVENUES

Vegetation acts as a reinforcement for slopes due to the penetration of roots into the ground. The aim of this EU-project within the framework of a Marie Curie Action IAPP is to contribute to a sophisticated software for the prediction of three-dimensional numerical analysis of slope stabilized with vegetation.

Chilean copper mines

An avalanche simulation model is helping Chilean safety authorities to decide when to close a road that permits access to copper mines.

KULTURisk

This EU FP7-project aims at promoting a culture of risk prevention against natural hazards. To achieve this goal benefits and costs of different prevention measures are compared, and the effectiveness of risk communication within these measures are evaluated.

CapHaz-Net

CapHaz-Net is a unique collaboration project that brings together social scientists from various European countries. Funded by the European Community it reviews how institutions and people in Europe cope with and adapt to natural hazards.

Codelco's Andina copper mine

In collaboration with two Swiss engineering companies, the SLF has proposed mitigation measures against avalanches, debris flows and rockfalls in order to protect the access road to the Andina copper mine operated by Codelco. The proposal encompasses a combination of temporary and structural protective measures.

CCES-TRAMM Project

TRAMM was a research project of the ETH Competence Centre of Environment and Sustainability (CCES) from 2006 to 2015 with the aim to better understand mechanisms of rapid mass movements.

Wahrnehmung und Bewertung von Naturgefahren

Sozialwissenschafter möchten im Projekt herausfinden, wie sich die Wahrnehmung und Bewertung von Lawinen, Murgängen, Steinschlag, Hochwasser, Stürmen usw. auf die Akzeptanz von Präventionsmassnahmen auswirken.

Sturm Lothar

Der Sturm Lothar im Dezember 1999 hat die dreifache Jahresnutzung im Schweizer Wald zu Boden geworfen. Die ökonomische Analyse trägt dazu bei, die Entscheidungsgrundlagen für den Umgang mit Stürmen im Wald zu verbessern.

Bewältigung Naturereignisse

Grundsätzlich sind Naturereignisse ein Produktionsrisiko, das in der Natur der Waldwirtschaft liegt. Wie lassen sich solche Risiken am besten handhaben? Dieses Projekt möchte zu einem ökonomischen Risikomanagement von Stürmen und anderen Naturereignissen im Wald beitragen.

Perception of natural hazards

With a telephonic survey the Swiss inhabitant's perception of natural hazards and specifically the hurricane "Lothar" has been investigated. The scientists asked almost 1000 people.

Consequences of "Lothar" to interest groups

The storm Lothar has had consequences for totally different groups interested in the forest. These are not only groups economically linked with the forest, but also people, which use the forest in their leisure time. Which consequences did "Lothar" have for the different interest groups?

Windthrow fauna

After the devestating windstorms in 1990 (Vivian) and 1999 (Lothar) investigations were started to monitor the development and succession of the insect fauna on cleared and uncleared windthrow areas, relative to control treatments in the intact forest. Until now, insects have been sampled during 7 (Vivian) and 4 (Lothar) years.

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Contact

Dr. Michael Bründl

Groupleader

Snow Avalanches and Prevention

Risk and Resilience

bruendl(at)slfto make life hard for spam bots.ch

+41 81 417 01 72+41 81 417 01 72

Davos

Stefan Margreth

Groupleader, Senior Scientist

Snow Avalanches and Prevention

Avalanche Protection Measures

margreth(at)slfto make life hard for spam bots.ch

+41 81 417 02 54+41 81 417 02 54

Davos

Matthias Gerber

Software developer

Snow Avalanches and Prevention

Warning and Information Systems

gerber(at)slfto make life hard for spam bots.ch

+41 81 417 03 66+41 81 417 03 66

Davos

Dr. Matthias Buchecker

Senior Scientist

Economics and Social Sciences

Social Sciences in Landscape Research

matthias.buchecker(at)wslto make life hard for spam bots.ch

+41 44 739 23 60+41 44 739 23 60

Birmensdorf

Services and Products

GIN – the Common Natural Hazard Information Platform

GIN

is a multi-agency product of the FOEN, MeteoSwiss, the SED and the SLF. It is

overseen by the GIN secretariat.

Person in charge: Lukas Dürr

Natural hazards portal

On the natural hazards portal the Swiss government provides a synopsis of the current natural hazard situation in Switzerland.

Person in charge: Thomas Stucki

RAMMS - Rapid Mass Movement Simulation

RAMMS is a software package that allows natural hazard processes to be evaluated and facilitates an assessment of the influences of protective measures.

Person in charge: Marc Christen

Publications

Peer-reviewed

Wendeler, C.; Volkwein, A.; McArdell, B.W.; Bartelt, P., 2018: Load model for designing flexible steel barriers for debris flow mitigation. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 99: 893-910. doi: 10.1139/cgj-2016-0157

Schimmel, A.; Hübl, J.; McArdell, B.; Walter, F., 2018: Automatic identification of alpine mass movements by a combination of seismic and infrasound sensors. Sensors, 18, 5: 1658 (19 pp.). doi: 10.3390/s18051658

Wendeler, C.; Bühler, Y.; Bartelt, P.; Glover, J., 2017: Application of three-dimensional rockfall modelling to rock face engineering. Anwendung eines 3D-Steinschlag Modells für Felssicherungen. Geomechanics and Tunnelling, 10, 1: 74-80. doi: 10.1002/geot.201600073

Vera Valero, C.; Wever, N.; Bühler, Y.; Stoffel, L.; Margreth, S.; Bartelt, P., 2016: Modelling wet snow avalanche runout to assess road safety at a high-altitude mine in the central Andes. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 16, 11: 2303-2323. doi: 10.5194/nhess-16-2303-2016

Sättele, M.; Bründl, M.; Straub, D., 2016: Quantifying the effectiveness of early warning systems for natural hazards. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 16, 1: 149-166. doi: 10.5194/nhess-16-149-2016

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not peer-reviewed

Neue Fernerkundungstechnologien für die Umweltforschung und Praxis

Im Tagungsband vom Forum für Wissen wollen wir zeigen, wie und wo Fernerkundungstechnologien heute eingesetzt werden und in welche Anwendungen Potenzial für die Zukunft steckt.

WSL Berichte 134

2023

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Wandern, wo andere forschen. Ober- und Mittelwallis

Warum können Steine schwimmen, sind die Tage des Aletschgletschers gezählt, wieso archivieren Bäume das Klima? Acht Wanderungen durch das Mittel- und Oberwallis führen an Orte, die Antworten auf solche Fragen liefern – dorthin, wo geforscht wird. Die Eidg. Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft WSL befasst sich in dieser Region seit dreissig Jahren mit Lebensräumen und Naturgefahren und gibt nun entlang von Wanderwegen faszinierende Einblicke in ihre Arbeit. Hintergrundinformationen zu einzelnen Tier- und Pflanzenarten und eine App für unterwegs ergänzen den reich bebilderten Wissenschafts- und Wanderführer.

Bestellungen Haupt Verlag

Gruner, U.; Louis, K.; McArdell, B., 2018: Bergstürze - Begriff, Ursachen und Einflussfaktoren, Prozessauslösung, Häufigkeit, Prozesskette und Umgang mit Bergsturzproblematik (Beitrag AGN). Swiss-Bulletin für angewandte Geologie, 23, 1: 7-18.

Stähli, M.; Badoux, A., 2018: 50 Jahre hydrologische Forschung im Alptal, Kanton Schwyz. Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen, 169, 6: 351-353. doi: 10.3188/szf.2018.0347

Zappa, M.; Van Andel, S.J.; Cloke, H.L., 2018: Introduction to ensemble forecast applications and showcases. In: Duan, Q.; Pappenberger, F.; Thielen, J.; Wood, A.; Cloke, H.L.; Schaake, J.C. (eds), 2018: Handbook of hydrometeorological ensemble forecasting. Berlin, Springer. (5 pp.). doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-40457-3_45-1

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Further publications

Einsatz von Klebeankern im subventionierten Lawinen- und Steinschlagverbau. Praxismerkblatt

Klebeanker sind Verbundanker, bei denen die Kraftübertragung zwischen Ankerstange und Bohrlochwand über einen Kunstharzmörtel erfolgt. Das Praxismerkblatt zeigt den Einsatz von Klebeankern im Lawinen- und Steinschlagverbau.

WSL Berichte 98

2020

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Ecologia del fuoco delle faggete in ambiente montano. Servizi ecosistemici e misure selvicolturali post-incendio

I cambiamenti climatici stanno aumentando la frequenza di ondate di calore e siccità prolungate con effetti immediati sul pericolo di incendio boschivo. La conoscenza dell’ecologia del fuoco del faggio è una premessa indispensabile per pianificare la ricostituzione post-incendio dei servizi forniti dalle faggete.

Notizie per la pratica 65

2020

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Écologie du feu des hêtraies montagnardes. Services écosystémiques et mesures sylvicoles après un incendie de forêt

Avec les changements climatiques, le temps devient plus chaud et plus sec, d’où le risque d’incendie de forêt augmente. Une meilleure connaissance de l’écologie du feu permet d’estimer si les prestations protectrices sont préservées ou si des mesures sylvicoles doivent être prises.

Notice pour le praticien 65

2020

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Feuerökologie montaner Buchenwälder. Waldleistungen und waldbauliche Massnahmen nach Waldbrand

Durch den Klimawandel wird es wärmer und extreme Trockenheitsperioden werden häufiger. Deshalb steigt das Waldbrandrisiko. Mit einem umfassenden Wissen zur Feuerökologie kann besser abgeschätzt werden, ob Schutzleistungen erhalten bleiben oder waldbauliche Massnahmen zu treffen sind.

Merkblatt für die Praxis 65

2020

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Andres, N.; Badoux, A.; Techel, F.; Hegg, C., 2017: Todesfälle durch Naturgefahrenprozesse in der Schweiz von 1946 bis 2015. Wasser, Energie, Luft, 109, 2: 105-110.